Executive Summary
43%
Clubs' average hit rate
In total we identified 170 real signings by the clubs of Ligue 1 in the 2024/25 season — academy promotions, loan returns, internal moves and transfers that never went through are excluded. Of these, 161 are included in the hit-rate calculation; 9 are youth investments (under-23 with no game time), classified separately. Signings without relevant minutes in the season count as unsuccessful.
Club Ranking
| Club | League position | Signings | Evaluated | Successful | Fair | Unsuccessful | Hit rate % | SigningLab* |
|---|
| 1 | Paris Saint Germain | 1º | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 90% | 100% |
| 2 | Monaco | 3º | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 75% | 83% |
| 3 | Nice | 4º | 8 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 62% | 88% |
| 4 | Reims | 15º | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 62% | 50% |
| 5 | Marseille | 2º | 16 | 15 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 60% | 93% |
| 6 | Lyon | 6º | 10 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 60% | 90% |
| 7 | Toulouse | 10º | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 58% | 100% |
| 8 | Strasbourg | 7º | 13 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 50% | 67% |
| 9 | Rennes | 12º | 17 | 15 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 43% | 100% |
| 10 | Angers | 14º | 9 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 39% | 78% |
| 11 | Lille | 5º | 10 | 10 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 35% | 90% |
| 12 | Saint Etienne | 17º | 9 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 33% | 67% |
| 13 | Stade Brestois 29 | 9º | 9 | 9 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 33% | 89% |
| 14 | Nantes | 13º | 9 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 31% | 88% |
| 15 | Auxerre | 11º | 15 | 12 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 29% | 83% |
| 16 | Lens | 8º | 8 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 25% | 88% |
| 17 | Le Havre | 16º | 7 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 14% | 100% |
| 18 | Montpellier | 18º | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 12% | 100% |
| 19 | Metz | 19º | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0% | 100% |
* SigningLab: hit rate of SigningLab’s verdicts (recommend or not recommend) on each club’s evaluated signings, projected at the time of signing.
The difference between Signings and Evaluated are youth investments (under-23 with no game time in the season), classified separately. Signings without relevant minutes are unsuccessful (Did not deliver).
Season Highlights
The ten signings with the greatest technical impact of the season, according to the Player Impact Score (PIS).
| Player | Club | Pos | Min | G+A | Avg rating | Rating | SigningLab |
|---|
| Mason Greenwood | Marseille | F | 2814 | 22+5 | 7.58 | Excellent |
| João Neves | Paris Saint Germain | M | 1857 | 3+8 | 6.32 | Excellent |
| Désiré Doué | Paris Saint Germain | M | 1734 | 6+6 | 7.07 | Excellent |
| Amine Gouiri | Marseille | F | 1051 | 10+3 | 7.68 | Excellent |
| Adrien Rabiot | Marseille | M | 2483 | 9+5 | 7.42 | Excellent |
| Lamine Camara | Monaco | M | 2064 | 2+7 | 7.04 | Excellent |
| Khvicha Kvaratskhelia | Paris Saint Germain | F | 920 | 4+3 | 6.52 | Excellent |
| Charlie Cresswell | Toulouse | D | 2601 | 3+1 | 6.85 | Excellent |
| Pierre-Emile Højbjerg | Marseille | M | 2666 | 2+4 | 7.11 | Excellent |
| Jonathan Clauss | Nice | D | 2311 | 3+8 | 7.40 | Excellent |
Methodology
Club assessment — the universe of signings
The report considers exclusively genuine signings for the first-team squad, identified by the player's effective incorporation into the group between seasons. Excluded from the universe are: academy promotions, loan returns, internal administrative moves and transfers recorded but never completed. The aim is to measure the quality of market decisions — and those alone.
Player Impact Score (PIS)
Each evaluated signing receives a score from 0 to 100 that combines four observable technical dimensions: individual performance (average match ratings over the season), output (goals, assists and decisive actions adjusted for game time), collective performance (starting status and correlation with the club's results) and availability (volume of matches, adjusted for interruptions). High-impact players with reduced game time are promoted through an alternative efficiency criterion.
Outcome classification
The rating tiers are: Excellent and Good (successful signings — a full point in the index), Fair (intermediate performance — half a point) and Below expectations / Did not deliver (unsuccessful signings). Two categories sit outside the calculation, for distinct reasons: Injury (a serious injury prevented a fair assessment) and Investment (an under-23 player with low game time — the return depends on development and cannot be counted for or against the club in this cycle). Signings that did not reach relevant game time in the season are classified as unsuccessful, reflecting the sporting cost of the decision.
A note on scope
This is SigningLab's public, simplified model, developed for transparent retrospective market assessment. SigningLab's commercial solutions for partner clubs use a substantially larger set of variables and dedicated predictive mechanisms, and are not fully reflected in this document.
Appendix — Signings by club
* Youth investment (under-23, no game time in the season) — outside the hit-rate calculation.
Angers (9 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Jordan Lefort | 34 | 3060 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Florent Hanin | 34 | 2677 | 1 | 2 | Good |
| Carlens Arcus | 30 | 2055 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Jean-Eudes Aholou | 27 | 1978 | 2 | 0 | Fair |
| Haris Belkebla | 22 | 1795 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Jim Allevinah | 28 | 1765 | 1 | 3 | Did not deliver |
| Esteban Lepaul | 32 | 1638 | 9 | 0 | Fair |
| Zinedine Ferhat | 26 | 844 | 2 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Ahmadou Bamba Dieng | 21 | 550 | 3 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Auxerre (15 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Clement Akpa | 32 | 2495 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Elisha Owusu | 28 | 2354 | 1 | 3 | Fair |
| Ki-Jana Hoever | 31 | 2140 | 1 | 2 | Below expectations |
| Hamed Junior Traorè | 26 | 2106 | 10 | 2 | Fair |
| Sinaly Diomande | 29 | 1945 | 3 | 2 | Good |
| Gabriel Osho | 27 | 1657 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Ado Onaiwu | 33 | 990 | 4 | 1 | Fair |
| Thelonius Bair | 34 | 958 | 2 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Assane Dioussé | 34 | 688 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Florian Aye | 34 | 584 | 2 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Fredrik Oppegård | 14 | 280 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Lasso Coulibaly * | 3 | 53 | 1 | 0 | Investment |
| Eros Maddy * | 15 | 27 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
| Saad Agouzoul | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Tom Negrel * | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
Le Havre (7 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Timothée Pembélé | 30 | 1121 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Yanis Zouaoui | 30 | 982 | 0 | 2 | Fair |
| Junior Mwanga | 11 | 954 | 1 | 2 | Fair |
| Ahmed Hassan | 16 | 855 | 3 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Fodé Ballo-Touré | 11 | 595 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Mahamadou Diawara | 15 | 588 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Ilyes Housni | 25 | 243 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Lens (8 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| M'Bala Nzola | 22 | 1464 | 6 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Anass Zaroury | 32 | 1424 | 2 | 2 | Fair |
| Malang Sarr | 34 | 1389 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Mathew Ryan | 14 | 1260 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Goduine Koyalipou | 18 | 891 | 4 | 0 | Fair |
| Hervé Koffi | 25 | 450 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Martín Satriano | 7 | 96 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Denis Petrić | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Lille (10 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Thomas Meunier | 31 | 1951 | 2 | 0 | Good |
| Aïssa Mandi | 34 | 1736 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Osame Sahraoui | 31 | 1292 | 3 | 3 | Fair |
| Ngal'ayel Mukau | 29 | 1218 | 0 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Mitchel Bakker | 27 | 1138 | 3 | 2 | Below expectations |
| Matias Fernandez | 25 | 1064 | 4 | 2 | Fair |
| Chuba Akpom | 14 | 637 | 3 | 1 | Fair |
| Ethan Mbappé | 11 | 237 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Rafael Fernandes | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Marc-Aurele Caillard | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Lyon (10 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Lucas Perri | 33 | 2970 | 0 | 0 | Good |
| Moussa Niakhaté | 33 | 2725 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Jordan Veretout | 31 | 1571 | 2 | 0 | Good |
| Georges Mikautadze | 34 | 1445 | 11 | 6 | Good |
| Tanner Tessmann | 32 | 1261 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Abner | 32 | 1099 | 1 | 1 | Good |
| Thiago Almada | 17 | 953 | 1 | 4 | Good |
| Rémy Descamps | 32 | 90 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Wilfried Zaha | 7 | 78 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Warmed Omari | 24 | 13 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Marseille (16 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Gerónimo Rulli | 34 | 3060 | 0 | 0 | Good |
| Mason Greenwood | 34 | 2814 | 22 | 5 | Excellent |
| Pierre-Emile Højbjerg | 31 | 2666 | 2 | 4 | Excellent |
| Adrien Rabiot | 29 | 2483 | 9 | 5 | Excellent |
| Derek Cornelius | 28 | 1423 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Amine Gouiri | 14 | 1051 | 10 | 3 | Excellent |
| Neal Maupay | 31 | 1051 | 4 | 4 | Fair |
| Jon Rowe | 33 | 817 | 3 | 3 | Fair |
| Lilian Brassier | 17 | 789 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Ismaël Bennacer | 13 | 649 | 0 | 2 | Good |
| Elye Wahi | 15 | 575 | 3 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Ismael Koné | 14 | 361 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Amar Dedić | 13 | 309 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Luiz Felipe | 10 | 131 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Valentín Carboni * | 6 | 100 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
| Jeffrey de Lange | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Metz (4 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Benjamin Stambouli | 1 | 90 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Pape Sy | 1 | 90 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Gauthier Hein | 1 | 90 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Jessy Deminguet | 1 | 83 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Monaco (6 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Lamine Camara | 29 | 2064 | 2 | 7 | Excellent |
| Christian Mawissa Elebi | 31 | 1521 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Mika Biereth | 17 | 1237 | 13 | 2 | Good |
| George Ilenikhena | 28 | 722 | 3 | 2 | Fair |
| Jordan Teze | 19 | 586 | 1 | 0 | Good |
| Mutassim Al-Musrati | 11 | 388 | 1 | 1 | Good |
Montpellier (4 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Rabby Nzingoula | 28 | 1695 | 1 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Nikola Maksimović | 7 | 583 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Bamo Meïté | 12 | 428 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Birama Touré | 8 | 295 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Nantes (9 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Johann Lepenant | 30 | 2063 | 2 | 1 | Fair |
| Anthony Lopes | 18 | 1564 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Sorba Thomas | 29 | 1331 | 1 | 3 | Below expectations |
| Saidou Sow | 10 | 800 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Patrik Carlgren | 31 | 416 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Francis Coquelin | 6 | 232 | 1 | 1 | Fair |
| Jean-Philippe Gbamin | 17 | 221 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Meschack Elia | 12 | 181 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Yassine Benhattab * | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
Nice (8 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Jonathan Clauss | 28 | 2311 | 3 | 8 | Excellent |
| Moise Bombito | 27 | 2195 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Ali Abdi | 26 | 1417 | 5 | 2 | Fair |
| Tanguy Ndombélé | 19 | 1139 | 1 | 2 | Good |
| Baptiste Santamaria | 15 | 931 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Mohamed Abdelmonem | 24 | 855 | 0 | 0 | Good |
| Youssoufa Moukoko | 25 | 225 | 2 | 1 | Fair |
| Maxime Dupé | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Paris Saint Germain (5 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Willian Pacho | 31 | 2130 | 0 | 1 | Good |
| João Neves | 33 | 1857 | 3 | 8 | Excellent |
| Désiré Doué | 32 | 1734 | 6 | 6 | Excellent |
| Khvicha Kvaratskhelia | 16 | 920 | 4 | 3 | Excellent |
| Matvey Safonov | 33 | 878 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
Reims (5 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Cédric Kipré | 33 | 2289 | 1 | 1 | Excellent |
| Aurélio Buta | 31 | 1978 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Mory Gbane | 14 | 1215 | 0 | 1 | Good |
| Jordan Siebatcheu | 8 | 456 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Gabriel Moscardo * | 17 | 108 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
Rennes (17 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Hans Hateboer | 32 | 1680 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Brice Samba | 17 | 1529 | 0 | 0 | Good |
| Lilian Brassier | 14 | 1235 | 1 | 1 | Excellent |
| Leo Østigård | 18 | 1228 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Jordan James | 31 | 1193 | 0 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Anthony Rouault | 11 | 973 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Seko Fofana | 17 | 844 | 1 | 1 | Fair |
| Albert Grønbæk | 17 | 813 | 2 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Glen Kamara | 16 | 660 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Mousa Al-Taamari | 11 | 577 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Ismael Koné | 14 | 468 | 2 | 1 | Good |
| Andrés Gómez | 24 | 377 | 3 | 0 | Fair |
| Jota | 11 | 331 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Kazeem Olaigbe | 12 | 309 | 0 | 2 | Below expectations |
| Kyogo Furuhashi | 12 | 125 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Naouirou Ahamada * | 13 | 62 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
| Ayanda Sishuba * | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
Saint Etienne (9 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Zuriko Davitashvili | 33 | 2758 | 9 | 8 | Good |
| Pierre Ekwah | 29 | 2549 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Lucas Stassin | 28 | 1872 | 12 | 4 | Excellent |
| Yunis Abdelhamid | 33 | 1012 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Maxime Bernauer | 12 | 762 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Augustine Boakye | 20 | 741 | 3 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Pierre Cornud | 21 | 584 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Benjamin Old | 14 | 523 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Ibrahima Wadji | 14 | 341 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Stade Brestois 29 (9 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Ludovic Ajorque | 31 | 2505 | 13 | 2 | Good |
| Abdoulaye Ndiaye | 28 | 1712 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Massadio Haïdara | 23 | 1680 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Abdallah Sima | 28 | 1243 | 6 | 2 | Fair |
| Mama Baldé | 27 | 1154 | 2 | 3 | Fair |
| Edimilson Fernandes | 27 | 1109 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Soumaila Coulibaly | 13 | 437 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Ibrahim Salah | 19 | 362 | 1 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Antonin Cartillier | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Strasbourg (13 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Đorđe Petrović | 31 | 2799 | 0 | 0 | Excellent |
| Guéla Doué | 32 | 2725 | 1 | 2 | Good |
| Diego Moreira | 32 | 2583 | 2 | 7 | Fair |
| Mamadou Sarr | 29 | 2377 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Sebastian Nanasi | 32 | 2121 | 6 | 4 | Good |
| Félix Lemaréchal | 32 | 1788 | 4 | 3 | Good |
| Valentín Barco | 14 | 1172 | 0 | 2 | Good |
| Sékou Mara | 32 | 782 | 1 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Andrew Omobamidele | 10 | 554 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Samuel Amo-Ameyaw | 14 | 325 | 2 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Caleb Wiley | 6 | 276 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Karl-Johan Johnsson | 34 | 270 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Óscar Perea * | 12 | 24 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
Toulouse (6 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Charlie Cresswell | 32 | 2601 | 3 | 1 | Excellent |
| Mark McKenzie | 31 | 2506 | 1 | 1 | Good |
| Djibril Sidibé | 28 | 2116 | 0 | 3 | Good |
| Joshua King | 28 | 1690 | 6 | 3 | Fair |
| Ümit Akdağ | 31 | 517 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Miha Zajc | 31 | 309 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |